This is Lawrence County, Ohio, 1840 index of the census. You can view the actual microfilm for free on familysearch.org. Lawrence County, Ohio, became a county in 1817, so this would have been only the third census taken. Until 1850 the census taker was only required to give the name of the person that was considered the head of the household.
If there were a black man married to a white woman, the woman would have been considered the head of the household even if that black man was lawfully emancipated. I found this to be true in the case of Washington Murphy, who was legally a free man, but the census taker put Polly Murphy, who was white, as the head of the household.
Knowing these facts will help your research when you are researching someone before the 1850 census when the census taker was required to write down everyone living in the household.
They are compiled from National Archives Microfilm Publications. The Population Schedule of the sixth census of the United States, Microfilm # 704, Volume 14, pages 1-59. Camillus Hall, Assistant U. S. Marshall, enumerated the census. The total population for Lawrence County = 9738
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